Archives → 2021 → V. 61. №2. → pp. 189–196
Article
Analysis of Cytogenetic and Cytotoxic Effects of Radiation on Red Blood Cells of Fish Inhabiting in Reservoirs the Territory of Polessky State Radiation-ecological Reserve
A. V. Gulakova, D. N. Drozdova, and D. M. Ivantsoub
aFrancis Skaryna Gomel State University, Gomel, Republic of Belarus bPolesye State Radiation-ecological Reserve, Khoiniki, Republic of Belarus
Abstract
The article presents the results of morphometric analysis of red blood cells of different fish species living in water bodies on the territory of the Polessky state radiation and ecological reserve. The paper shows that the longitudinal and transverse sizes of red blood cells differ in fish of different species. The size of cells is characterized by low variation, and the EGG is shifted towards the nucleus, which may indirectly indicate the presence of cellular adaptation. The micronucleus test showed a significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei in fish of different species, which differ in the method of obtaining food and the content of 137Cs in muscle tissue. Analysis of fish blood samples showed that the content of micronuclei in red blood cells of fish of different species was distributed as follows: common pike – 3.14 ± 0.24&permil, silver carp – 2.08 ± 0.36&permil, river perch – 1.84 ± 0.39&permil, tench – 1.26 ± 0.28&permil, common roach – 1.13 ± 0.34‰. The frequency of micronuclei exceeded the upper limit of the spontaneous level, significant differences were found for three species: common pike, silver carp and river perch (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis of data on specific activity, SNR, and micronucleus frequency showed no statistically significant correlation, r = 0.43 (p > 0.05) and r = 0.67 (p > 0.05). However, there is a trend showing that with an increase in the specific activity of 137Cs in muscle tissue, the frequency of micronuclei increases in red blood cells of fish of different species: for 1000 Bq/kg of specific activity, the number of cells with micronuclei increases by five units.
Keywords
ichthyofauna, radioactive contamination, muscle tissue, 137Cs specific activity, erythrocytes, nuclear cytoplasmic index, micronuclear test
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