Archives → 2019 → Vol. 59, No. 1 → pp. 37-45
Article
Impact of Radiation Factor on Average Survival Time for Chernobyl Clean-up Workers with Solid Cancer
Gorski А.I., Maksioutov М.А., Tumanov K.A., Kochergina E.V., Ivanov V.K.
A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
Abstract
The work is aimed at studying the average survival time for Chernobyl clean-up workers (liquidators) with diagnosed solid cancer. The liquidators'' cohort contains 142871 males who worked in the Chernobyl exclusion zone in 1986–1987. Individual medical and dosimetry information collected during the follow-up period from 1991 up to 2015 was used in the study. The number of liquidators with documented stages of the disease is 7652 cases, the number of overall death cases among those liquidators is 5085, and 4351 deaths were due to cancer. Average survival time for liquidators after the diagnosis of solid cancer (ICD-10: C00-C80.9) and documented tumor stages between 2000 over 2015 is 4.73 years. For tumors of respiratory organs (ICD-10: C30-C39.9) the average survival time is 2.57 years, for tumors of digestive organs (ICD-10: C15-C26.9) – 3.55 years. The average survival time for the liquidators with a documented diagnosis of cancer is continuously increasing despite the cohort ageing and the growth of overall mortality. Relationship between the average survival time and tumor stage was studied. 7 time higher mean survival time is observed for the people with the earlier stage of cancer, it is 8.62 years for people with stage 1cancer and 1.22 years – in the case of stage 4. Relationship between the average survival time and radiation dose received by a liquidator was studied. Two dose groups were identified: group 0–100 mGy (average dose – 56.6 mGy) and group 100+ mGy (average dose – 187.9 mGy). Average survival time was 4.66 and 4.72 years and the difference between the values is statistically insignificant. Studies carried out in the closed cohort with a varying size and age provide timely estimates of the effects of technological factors on health of certain human populations and groups.
Keywords
Chernobyl accident, Chernobyl clean-up workers (liquidators, males), closed population, solid cancers, morbidity, mortality, prevalence proportion, average survival time, tumor stage, radiation dose
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