Radiation biology. Radioecology
ISSN: 0869-8031

Archives → 2022 → Vol. 62, № 1 → pp. 86-95

Article

Comprehensive assessment of the Impact of Various Types of Agrochemicals on the Intake of ¹³⁷Cs in Pea Plants

O. Yu. Balanova, D. G. Sviridenko, A. N. Ratnikov, S. P. Arysheva, A. V. Panov, L. I. Ratnikova

Russian Research Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia

Abstract

In the vegetative experiment on polluted ¹³⁷Cs soddy-podzolic soil with peas (Pisum sativum L.) variety Pha-raon a comparative assessment of the effect of organo-mineral fertilizer SUPRODIT-M, organo-mineral complex GEOTON and mineral fertilizers (NPK and azofoska) on the content of radionuclide forms in the soil, soil biological activity, productivity and quality of peas. Mineral fertilizers and SUPRODIT-M were introduced into the soil, the preparation GEOTON treated plants 2 times during the growing season. The effect of various types of agrochemicals was evaluated by changes in the potential activity of respiration (the rate of CO₂ emission in the soil), the potential activity of soil denitrification, the content of ¹³⁷Cs forms in the soil, the accumulation coefficient (AC) ¹³⁷Cs in plants, yield and indicators of grain quality and vegetative mass of peas. The use of SUPRODIT-M helped to reduce the content in the soil of the most accessible for plants exchange and mobile forms of ¹³⁷Cs compared with the use of mineral fertilizers. It is known that leguminous crops (Fabaceae) under conditions of radioactive soil contamination accumulate 137Cs in the yield up to 10 times more than spring and winter cereals. Adding NPK to the soil stimulated the rate of CO₂ emission in the soil under the peas compared to the control. Application SUPRODIT-M and azofoska reduced the potential activity of denitrification of the soil. Making SUPRODIT-M increased the grain yield and vegetative mass of peas. Treatment of vegetating plants with GEOTON on the background of SUPRODIT-M additionally increased the yield of peas compared to the option without treatment and relative to control. The greatest yield of pea grain is obtained from the use of GEOTON against the background of mineral fertilizers. SUPRODIT-M limit transfer of ¹³⁷Cs from soil to plants compared with mineral fertilizers. Introduction of SUPRODIT-M contributed to a significant reduction in the removal of ¹³⁷Cs grain peas relative to the control. The use of GEOTON on the background of SUPRODIT-M further reduced the removal of ¹³⁷Cs by grain and vegetative mass compared to the variant without treatment and relatively absolute control. SUPRODIT-M had a positive impact on indicators of quality of grain and vegetative mass of peas.

Keywords

radiation contamination, organomineral fertilizers, agricultural products, transfer factor, forms of radionuclides, biological activity of the soil