Archives → 2018 → Vol. 58, No. 4 → pp. 352–362
Article
Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Effects of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure
Pustovalova M.V.1 2, Grekhova A.K.1 2 3, and Osipov A.N.1 2
1 Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2 Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
3 N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Mechanisms of low dose ionizing radiation exposure effects (10–100 mGy) are one of the most discussed and controversial issues of the modern molecular and cellular radiobiology, epidemiology and risk assessment among radiation workers and patients undergoing diagnostic medical procedures. Rapidly advancing methods of regenerative medicine raise a question about the effects of low dose ionizing radiation exposure in stemcells. High proliferation capacity of stem cells may lead to transmission of the accumulated DNA damage and mutations to the differentiated progeny of exposed cells. At the same time, usage of syngeneic and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in transplantation for regeneration of damaged tissues makes the study of their possible malignant transformation particularly important. In this review we are trying to provide an overview of the current knowledge about early and late low dose radiation-induced effects on normal stem cells.
Keywords
mesenchymal stem cells, DNA double-strand breaks, proliferation, aging, genome instability, carcinogenesis, ionizing radiation, low doses, delayed effects
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