Archives → 2018 → Vol. 58, No. 4 → pp. 341–351
Article
Radiation Biology of Structurally Different Drosophila Genes. Report VII. The yellow Gene: General Characteristics of Radiomutability and PCR Assay of Gene “Point” Mutations
Kravchenko E. V.1, Dubovik S. V.1, Alexandrova M. V.1, and Alexandrov I. D.1
1 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
Abstract
The results of the genetic, cytogenetic and molecular (PCR) analysis of γ- and neutron-induced recessive mutations at the sex-linked peritelomeric yellow+ (y+) gene are presented. These mutations are isolated at the same large-scale experiments as were undertaken for induction of the recessive mutations at the autosomal black+ (b+), cinnabar+ (cn+) and vestigial+ (v g +) genes of Drosophila melanogaster. As with the autosomal genes, the whole spectrum of the y mutations induced by different radiation qualities consists of the two main genetically different classes such as gene/point and gene/structural mutations. The induction rate of both mutation classes is found to be increased linearly with the dose of low- and high-LET radiation; the RGE values of neutrons are 1.0 and 2.0 for the gene/point and gene/structural mutations, respectively. The results of PCR assay of 7 spontaneous, 25 γ- and 9 neutron-induced gene/point y mutations arising within the structural-functional gene map (7991 bp) subdivided into 9 overlapping fragments permit to identify 4 different categories of DNA alterations underlying these mutations: 1) DNA alterations, which are not detected by PCR (PCR+ mutations); 2) mutations as a loss of one fragment; 3) mutations as a loss of several adjacent fragments and 4) mutations as a cluster of the lost single fragments. The distribution of the deletion mutations on the full gene map is found to be not uniform. The comparative analysis of the frequency and quality patterns of the deletion mutations induced only in the structural part (exons + introns) of the y, b, cn and vg genes has revealed general and gene-specific regularities of the radiation-induced mutagenesis detected by PCR on the DNA level, which is under discussion.
Keywords
neutrons, γ-rays, recessive mutations, Drosophila melanogaster, yellow gene, PCR, relative biological effectiveness, enhancer
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