Archives2022Vol. 62, № 6pp. 591–601

Article

The Composition of Micronuclei in T-Lymphocytes in Women Affected by Chronic Radiation Exposure

Akhmadullina Yu. R.1, 2

1Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia 2Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

Abstract

We studied the chromosomal composition of micronuclei of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of women exposed to chronic radiation due to their residence in the Techa riverside villages in the South Urals (cumulative doses to red bone marrow (RBM) ranged from 0.73 to 1.93 Gy, the age range of women was 73 to 82 years). Micronucleus assay with cytochalasin block and multicolor staining of preparations (mFISH method) was used to identify each chromosome. On average, exposed women had more chromosomes in the micronucleus than those in the comparison group (p = 0.001). Unequally probable formation of micronuclei from chromosomes is observed in the group of exposed women and comparison group. The biggest number of micronuclei is monocolor, i.e. they are formed from the material of a single chromosome. In 44–55% of cases, monocolor micronuclei are formed by X chromosome, in 4–7% – by 16th chromosome. In the studied groups, 2nd, 4th, 10th, 16th and X chromosomes are more frequent in multicolor micronuclei. 2nd chromosome is statistically significantly more frequent in monocolor micronuclei in exposed women than in those from the comparison group (p = 0.001); 6th, 17th and 18th chromosomes are statistically significantly more frequent in multicolor micronuclei (p = 0.0036, p = 0.023, p = 0.02 respectively).

Keywords

Micronuclei, micronuclei composition, micronucleus assay, genome instability, exposure, chronic radiation exposure, mFISH

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