Archives → 2021 → V. 61. №1. → pp. 105–112
Article
Assessment of Environmental and Economic Damage from Radioactive Contamination of the Environment
I. I. Kryshev, A. A. Buryakova, and T. G. Sazykina
Research and Production Association “Typhoon”, Obninsk, Russia
Abstract
A description of the methodology for assessing environmental and economic damage from radioactive contamination of the environment is presented. Radiation damage to biota was estimated in monetary terms. Assessment of environmental and economic damage was based on the dose rate calculation for reference wildlife organisms in the impact area of nuclear power facilities. Dose rates were compared with the criteria for radioecological safety of the environment. If these criteria were exceeded, organisms were conservatively recognized as «destroyed». Numbers of destroyed organisms were proportional to population density and area of contaminated site. In monetary terms, damage to the environment was estimated in accordance with the regulatory and methodological documents using national taxes and standards for compensating the destruction of wildlife objects. The criteria for radioecological safety are satisfied for the majority of nuclear power facilities; therefore for these nuclear power facilities there is no significant environmental and economic damage. Application of the new methodology was demonstrated for the case of biota damage in the area of Lake Karachay, contaminated by past activity of the Mayak Production Association.
Keywords
environmental and economic damage, environment, biota, reference organisms, radiation doses, criteria for radioecological safety, nuclear power facilities, Lake Karachay
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