Archives2021V. 61. №1.pp. 54–68

Article

Modern Ideas about the Mechanisms of Action of Ultraviolet Radiation on Cells and Subcellular Systems

V. G. Artyukhov and O. V. Basharina

Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia

Abstract

The analysis of the effect of UV radiation on human lymphocytes and keratinocytes is presented. The main effects of UV irradiation are related to changes in signal transmission or the functioning of signaling pathways in cells. As a result, a number of intracellular processes change (protein synthesis, cell metabolism, triggering programmed or non-programmed cell death, etc.). The article discusses the influence of UV irradiation on cell metabolism, on the synthesis of several proteins (including transcription regulation by active forms of oxygen), the concentration of calcium in the cell and the calcium-dependent regulatory way, on receptor profile and to run different ways of cell death. Currently, there is no unified scheme describing possible ways to realize the energy of UV radiation in different types of cells. Based on our own experimental data and literature analysis, we have proposed a scheme that includes the most likely events in UV modified lymphocytes during their incubation. When using the same radiation dose, depending on the state of cells and incubation conditions, different scenarios are possible: death by apoptosis or necrosis, or an increase in the functional activity of cells. The need to study the mechanisms of implementation of UV-induced cellular response is due to both an increase in the intensity of UV radiation in the atmosphere and the prospects for the use of phototherapy.

Keywords

UV radiation, white blood cells, keratinocytes, photoinduced intracellular processes, cell signaling pathways, mechanisms of cell death

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