Archives → 2020 → V. 60. №5. → pp. 551–559
Article
Model of Distribution of Particles of Chronic Radioactive Fallout in Meadow Biogeocenosis
A. N. Perevolotsky and Т. V. Perevolotskaya
Russian Research Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia
Abstract
The basic provisions and assumptions model distribution particles in chronic radioactive fallout in meadow biogeocenosis during the vegetation period are substantiated. On the basis of the compartment approach in meadow biogeocenosis, three compartments were identified: above-ground phytomass of plants, plant litter and surface layer of sod. The dynamics distribution particles of radioactive fallout between these compartments can be described by a system of linear differential equations of I order. The solution the system equations is obtained by the method of operational calculus and by replacing differentials with finite-difference analogues. Features application of the received decisions are considered. It is shown that the solution of the system of differential equations on the basis of operational calculus allows obtaining data on the distribution of deposited particles between the investigated compartments at any time. The system equations based on the
replacement differentials by finite-difference analogues requires a sequential calculation the activity in the studied compartments for each moment of time. The range values parameters transfer particles radioactive fallout between compartments is given. Test examples of calculations the dynamics 131I activity in the compartments meadow biogeocenosis in chronic radioactive fallout for the most typical transport parameters were performed. Calculations were made for the constant and variable values of the initial retention coefficient radioactive fallout particles by aboveground phytomass of meadow plants during the vegetation period. It was found that the maximum activity the radionuclide deposition particles is predicted for plant litter. The activity 131I in the above-ground phytomass of plants increases in proportion to changes in the value of the initial retention coefficient, and at a constant value it reaches the plateau for 15–20 days from the beginning
of radioactive fallout. In the surface layer the sod there is an accumulation of deposition particles as they move from the plant litter and above-ground plant phytomass.
Keywords
сhronical radioactive fallout, radionuclides, decay constant, constant cleansing, density of the deposition, meadow biogeocenoses
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