Archives2018Vol. 58, No. 3pp. 293-304

Article

Chemical Contamination and Radiation Environment: Effects in the Cells of the Blood System of Small Mammals

Tarakhtii E.A.1, Mukhacheva S.V.1

1 Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia

Abstract

In order to assess the impact on the body of a low-level radiation exposure (East Urals radioactive trace, Sverdlovsk region) and of chemical pollution (emissions of the Middle Ural Copper Smelter, Sverdlovsk region), the complex of blood system indicators, the content in the organism of radionuclides and heavy metals were studied using the example of a model species — the red vole (Myodes rutilus). Deviations from the control values of the composition and dimensions of erythrocytes, the degree of their hemoglobinization, the concentration of erythrocytes and the diffusion surface, the changes in the ratio of leukocyte types, their functional activity, the concentration and composition of the spleen and bone marrow cells are revealed in the organism of animals from contaminated territories. The observed changes in the indices are associated with the increased accumulation in the body of 90Sr, 137Cs, Cd and Pb; they do not depend on the nature of the contamination and are classified as mobilization of adaptive-protective reactions of a non-specific nature to the conditions of the contaminated environment.

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