Radiation biology. Radioecology
ISSN: 0869-8031

Archives → 2018 → Vol. 58, No. 5 → pp. 477-483

Article

Modeling of the Main Clinical Manifestations of the Prodromal Stage of Acute Radiation Syndrome in Animals

Drachev I.S.¹, Legeza V.I.², Seleznev A.B.¹, Grebenyuk A.N.²

¹State Scientific Research Test Institute of the Military Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia. ² Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

Abstract

The results of modeling the main clinical manifestations of the prodromal stage of ARS (anorexia, apathy, nausea, vomiting) in the experiments on dogs and rats are presented. It is shown that these disorders are stably reproduced in the experiments on the dogs exposed to general short-term gamma irradiation at doses of 8–50 Gy. To simulate the emetic component of the primary reaction in dogs, it is advisable to use irradiation at the doses of 8–20 Gy; diarrhea – 30–50 Gy; asthenohypodinamia (hypokinesia) – 8–30 Gy. In rats, inhibition of the motor-evacuation function of the stomach (the physiological equivalent of vomiting in humans) develops after short-term gamma irradiation at the doses of 3–20 Gy. Diarrhea appears after irradiation at doses 50–100 Gy. Irradiation at these doses increases the propulsive activity of the intestine and inhibits the suction function. Physical endurance, approximate-research reaction and conditioned reflex activity deteriorate after exposure of the animals to irradiation at the doses of 20–40 Gy. The developed experimental mo-dels are recommended for selection and preclinical study of the drugs intended for prevention and reduction of the main clinical manifestations of the prodromal stage of ARS.

Keywords

ionizing radiation, prodromal stage of ARS, nausea, vomiting, asthenohypodynamia, experimental models, dogs, rats